Urology is a medical specialty that focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of conditions and diseases related to the urinary tract and the male reproductive system. Urological procedures are surgical or non-surgical medical interventions performed by Urologists to diagnose, treat or manage various conditions affecting the urinary tract and male reproductive system. These procedures can range from minimally invasive techniques to more complex surgeries. Urologists are highly skilled in both medical and surgical treatments, and they may use a variety of diagnostic tools, including imaging studies, endoscopy, and laboratory tests, to make accurate diagnoses. They then develop treatment plans that may include medication, lifestyle modifications, physical therapy, or surgical interventions, depending on the specific condition.

Urinary Tract: Urologists diagnose and treat conditions affecting the urinary tract, which includes the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. This may involve addressing urinary tract infections, kidney stones, urinary incontinence, and issues related to urination.

Male Reproductive System: Urologists are involved in the care of the male reproductive system, including the testes, prostate, penis, and associated structures. They may treat conditions such as erectile dysfunction, male infertility, prostate disorders, and testicular problems.

Female Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery: Some urologists specialize in female urology, focusing on issues like urinary incontinence, pelvic organ prolapse, and interstitial cystitis.

Urologic Oncology: Urologists also manage and treat cancers that can occur in the urinary tract or male reproductive organs, such as kidney cancer, bladder cancer, prostate cancer, and testicular cancer.

Pediatric Urology: Pediatric urologists specialize in treating urological conditions in children, including congenital anomalies, bedwetting, and conditions affecting the genitalia.

Laparoscopic and Robotic Surgery: Urologists are often at the forefront of minimally invasive surgical techniques, including laparoscopic and robotic-assisted procedures for conditions such as prostatectomy, nephrectomy, and more.

Kidney Transplants: Urologists play a crucial role in kidney transplantation, which involves the surgical placement of a healthy kidney from a donor into a recipient with end-stage kidney disease.